Past Perfect Tense

Past Perfect Tense : kalimat yang dipakai untuk menyatakan suatu kegiatan yang telah selesai dilakukan sebelum kegiatan lain dimasa lalu. Ciri-ciri past perfect tense:

a.         Memakai kata kerja V3

b.        Keterangan waktu: since, for, before

Pola Kalimat Past Perfect Tense: 

(+) S + had + Verb 3 + O/ complement

(-) S + hadn’t + Verb 3 + O/ complement

(?) Had + S + Verb 3 + O/ complement

Contoh:

(+) Teacher had come before the students arrived.

(-) Teacher hadn’t come before the students arrived.

(?) Had teacher come before the students arrived?

Simple Past Tense

Simple Past Tense: kalimat yang dipakai untuk menyatakan kegiatan, peristiwa yang terjadi di masa lalu.

Ciri-ciri past tense:

a.       Memakai kata kerja bentuk kedua (V2)

b.      Keterangan waktu yang sering digunakan adalah today, this morning, this afternoon, this evening, yesterday, yesterday morning, last week, last month, last year, last Sunday, last Monday, last night, last week end, two days ago, etc.

Pola Kalimat Past Tense: 

(+) S + Verb 2 + O

(-) S + didn’t + verb 1 + O

(+) did + S + verb 1 + O

Contoh:

(+) I studied English last year.

(-) I didn’t study English last year.

(?) Did I study English last year?

SOMEONE’S EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND

Menyatakan background pendidikan seseorang menggunakan Simple Past tense: S + V2

-          She graduated from SMK Muhammadiyah 3 Surakarta.

-          The secretary learned at the college.

-          I graduated in July 2012 from Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta

-          I majored in Engineering.

Dialog 1

Interviewer   : Would you please tell us about your educational background?

Candidate     : Sure.

Interviewer   : Where did you go to University?

Candidate     : I went to Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.

Interviewer   : What did you major in?

Candidate     : I majored in Engineering.

Interviewer   : When did you finish your university?

Candidate     : I graduated in January 2012.

Dialog 2

Interviewer   : Good Morning, please tell me about yourself.

Candidate     : My name is Hidayatur Rosyid.

Interviewer   : What is your educational background?

Candidate     : I graduated from Muhammadiyah 3 Vocational High School.

Interviewer   : What did you major in?

Candidate     : I majored in Technical Audio Visual.

Interviewer   : When did you finish your study?

Candidate     : I graduated in July 2012.

TELL ABOUT PEOPLE’S JOB

Menyatakan pekerjaan seseorang menggunakan Simple Present Tense = S + V1 (s/es)

a.    subject tunggal verbnya ditambah s/es

b.    subject jamak verbnya tidak ditambah s/es

Subject tunggal	Subject jamak
A policeman protects member of public.	Policemen protect member of public.
Fisherman catches the fish.	Fishermen catch the fish.
An actrees acts in a movie.	The actresses act in a movie.
A hairdresser cuts peoples hair for a living.	Hairdressers cut peoples hair for a living.
A doctor treats sick people.	Doctors treat sick people.
A dentist take cares of our teeth.	Dentists take care of our teeth.
Student studies at school.	Students study at school.
A singer sings a songs at a café.	Singers sing a songs at a café.
A taxi driver drives a taxi for a living.	Taxi drivers drive a taxi for a living.
A songwriter writes a song.	Songwriters write a song.
A shoemaker makes and repairs a shoe.	Shoemakers make and repair a shoe.
A Journalist makes news.	Journalists make news.

1.        A firefighter rescues people from burning building.

2.        Novelists write a novel.

3.        A Mechanic repairs a motorcycle.

4.        Cleaners mop the floor, etc.

5.        A Photographer takes a picture.

6.        Housewife cleans the rooms; take cares a baby, serves a food, washes a cloth, etc.

7.        A cook prepares food.

8.        Pilots fly airplanes.

9.        A secretary answers calls in office for her boss

10.    A teacher teaches student

11.    A guard protects people.

12.    A baker bakes bread.

13.    A bus driver drives a bus.

14.    A postman delivers letter.

15.    A vet take cares the animal.

16.    Butcher sells meat.

17.    A manager manages the company